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Mustufa Khan Summarizes Naval Ravikant's View That Pure Software Is Uninvestable

Naval Ravikant: Apple is dead, SaaS is next, you have 18 months

Mustufa Khan summarizes Naval Ravikant's podcast remarks that pure software is uninvestable and that Apple's software-driven premium is eroding as interfaces shift to AI agents. The article offers a structural argument for founders to reposition within 18 months.

Original post · 12 min read
X ArticleNaval Ravikant: Apple is dead, SaaS is next, you have 18 months
Apple is already dead. They just haven't filed the paperwork.
That's not a hot take. It's a structural read on what just happened in the last six months & what Naval Ravikant confirmed on his podcast last week. The most patient investor in tech & one of the sharpest capital allocators of the last 20 years just gave a verdict on the entire software industry: pure software is uninvestable.
If you're a founder reading this, the question isn't whether you believe it. The question is whether you have 18 months to reposition before the market notices.
For context: Naval founded AngelList, was an early investor in Twitter, Uber, Notion & roughly 200 other companies that shaped the last decade of tech. He doesn't post often. When he does, he picks his words like a man who knows they'll be quoted back at him for years. So when he says "pure software is uninvestable" with no qualifier, it's not commentary. It's a call.
Here's what he said & what it means for everyone building right now.
No one can stop Apple's structural death
Apple isn't going bankrupt. Apple won't disappear from your pocket next year. The collapse Naval is describing isn't operational. It's economic.
Apple's entire $3 trillion valuation rests on one thing: premium hardware margins justified by superior software experience. Take that experience away & Apple becomes Samsung with better build quality. That's exactly what's happening.
The interface layer is commoditizing in real time. Within 24 months, most people won't open apps the way they do today. They'll talk to an agent. The agent will generate whatever interface they need on the fly. Apple's curated app store, the human interface guidelines, the design polish, the ecosystem lock-in - all of it becomes irrelevant when the interface itself is generated in real time by an AI that runs on any phone.
Apple's response to this transition? They licensed Gemini from Google. Their own AI bet underdelivered. The company that built its entire identity on owning the experience layer just outsourced the experience layer to its biggest competitor.
This is the Microsoft-after-mobile playbook running in fast-forward.
Microsoft missed mobile because they refused to build a touch-native OS from the ground up. Their dominance in the previous era convinced them the old paradigm would hold. By the time they accepted the new one, Apple had already won the next decade. Microsoft is still worth $3T today, but Microsoft Windows lost the consumer war they could have won.
Apple is making the exact same mistake right now with AI. They're betting their hardware-first identity will carry them through the agent transition. It won't. When the OS commoditizes, Apple's margins compress to commodity hardware levels. That's a structural revenue collapse in their highest-margin segment, the one that funds everything else.
You can hold Apple stock through this. Just don't pretend you're holding a growth company.
The most valuable hardware company in history is about to find out what its hardware is worth without the software moat.
If your moat is software, you have 18 months
Now the harder part if you're a founder.
Naval said pure software is uninvestable. He's right. But he didn't unpack what that means for the tens of thousands of SaaS companies currently sitting on Series A & Series B valuations they raised in a different world.
It means most of them are already dead. They just don't know it yet.
Here's the math. Your SaaS company exists because building your product was hard. You raised capital because technical execution required a team. Your moat, whether you admit it out loud or not, is the difficulty of replicating what you built.
That difficulty just collapsed.
A 2-person team using Claude Code can now replicate 80% of most B2B SaaS products in under 90 days. Not a toy version. A working version. With proper architecture, basic security, room to scale. The remaining 20% - your specific integrations, your enterprise sales motion, your compliance stack - is real. But it's not a moat. It's friction. & friction gets compressed by the next generation of agents shipping every quarter.
Look at what's already happening. Adobe acquired Figma for $20B in 2022 because Figma's product was structurally hard to build. Today, design tools with 70% of Figma's core functionality are being shipped by solo developers in months. Salesforce is the most valuable SaaS company in history. AI-native CRMs that didn't exist 18 months ago are already eating its mid-market. Workday. ServiceNow. Atlassian. Asana. Every one of them is now a candidate for replacement by an AI-native alternative built by a team smaller than their HR department.
The companies that survive this transition won't be the ones with the best software. The software is going to zero. The companies that survive will be the ones that built something the AI cannot copy:
Distribution. Network effects. Data flywheels. Hardware integration. Brand. Community. Regulatory depth. These are … continue on X ↗
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More in Business & Markets

Michael Burry Warns Circular AI Financing Among Eight Firms Could Unravel

Michael Burry Warns Circular AI Financing Among Eight Firms Could Unravel

A tracker account relays Michael Burry's view that $573 billion in AI financing over the past year runs through eight companies that lend to, guarantee and buy from one another. Burry compares the setup to the 2000 telecom fiber bust and warns guarantees could be called if AI revenue disappoints.

Original post · 1 min read
Breaking: Michael Burry says the AI boom is running on one giant loop and time is running out

Here's his breakdown:

1. Burry shared a report from Wall Street lender Ares tracking $573B of AI financing from the last 12 months

2. All of it runs through just 8 companies: Meta, Oracle, Microsoft, Amazon, OpenAI, Anthropic, Broadcom and Nvidia

3. They lend to each other, guarantee each other's debt and buy from each other, so one company's loan is backed by another company's promise to keep spending

4. Every deal depends on one thing: AI spending never slowing down

5. If AI revenue disappoints for even one season, the guarantees could all get called at once, right when the companies backing them are at their weakest

6. Burry says it's the same circular financing that turned the 2000 telecom fiber boom into a bust

Burry claims the stock market in the first stage of grief and the crash is soon
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Navy Pays Anduril $2.9 Billion as U.S. Submarine Capacity Lags

The post argues the Navy turned to Anduril because only two U.S. yards build nuclear submarines and deliver far below the required rate, with China's shipbuilding capacity vastly larger. Anduril is investing $3.7 billion in a new Sparrows Point shipyard, Arsenal-2, with operations planned for 2030.

Original post · 1 min read
The US Navy just paid $2.9 billion to a company that has never built a submarine. Here's why they had no choice.

America has exactly two shipyards that can build nuclear subs. Electric Boat in Connecticut. Newport News in Virginia. The Navy needs two Virginia-class boats a year from them. They deliver 1.1.

Then it gets worse. Under AUKUS, America promised to sell Australia 3 to 5 Virginia-class submarines starting in the early 2030s. We signed a deal to export a product we can't build fast enough for our own fleet.

And the number behind all of it comes from the Navy's own intelligence office. China's shipbuilding capacity sits around 23 million tons a year. America's is about 100,000 tons. 230 times larger. One Chinese shipbuilder, CSSC, built more commercial tonnage in a single year than every American yard combined has built since World War II.

Both incumbent sub yards carry backlogs stretching past 2040, and the supplier base behind them shrank by thousands of companies after the Cold War. You cannot order your way out of that. There was physically no third option to call.

So the Navy invented one. Anduril adds $3.7 billion of its own money, breaks ground on the bones of Bethlehem Steel at Sparrows Point, once the largest steelworks on earth, shuttered in 2012, the yard complex that fed the fleet that won WWII. Hiring starts in 2029. Operations in 2030.

Four years from announcement to first output, and in American shipbuilding that counts as a sprint.
Anduril Industries @anduriltech
Anduril is investing $3.7B into Arsenal-2.
The next great American Shipyard.
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Huawei and Qualcomm Sign Broad Patent License, Cross-Licensing Deal

Huawei and Qualcomm announced a multi-year patent license agreement with cross licenses covering 5G, compute, AI and networking, plus Qualcomm's purchase of certain Huawei U.S. patents. Arnaud Bertrand calls it a notable outcome given U.S. efforts to cut Huawei out of those fields.

Original post · 1 min read
This is genuinely incredible: Huawei survived the most aggressive assault against a single company in modern history and is coming out the other side with the U.S. licensing its technology.

And ironically in the exact domains - 5G, AI, compute, networking - that the U.S. tried to cut Huawei out of.
Huawei @Huawei
Huawei and Qualcomm have announced a multi-year, broad patent license agreement that includes cross licenses to the companies' patent portfolios across a range of fields, including 5G, compute, AI, and networking, together with Qualcomm's purchase of certain Huawei U.S. patents.
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a16z Argues Flexible Data Centers Could Bypass Texas Grid Queue

a16z Argues Flexible Data Centers Could Bypass Texas Grid Queue

a16z's Ryan McEntush argues that data centers agreeing to curtail power during peak hours can connect to congested grids sooner. He cites Texas's queue growing to 474 GW, about 90% of it data centers, and estimates 100 GW of flexible capacity could be added without new plants.

Original post · 1 min read
Left: Texas's grid only maxes out about 200 hours a year, roughly 2% of the time.

Right: New data centers that agree to cut back during peak hours can skip the wait for more capacity. US grids could add 100 GW of them without building a single new plant.

a16z's @rmcentush on how flexible data centers get onto the grid sooner: a16z.news/p/why-texas-is-making-data-centers
Ryan McEntush @rmcentush
Why Texas Is Making Data Centers Wait — At the end of 2024, Texas’ grid operator had 63 GW of large new customers in its queue. By this June, that figure reached 474 GW, more than five times record peak demand, about 90% of it data centers.
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Larry Ellison Signs $40.4 Billion Guarantee for Warner Bros. Deal

Aakash Gupta reports that Larry Ellison signed a $40.4 billion personal guarantee to back the Ellison family's roughly $111 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery after Paramount's purchase, outbidding Netflix. The combined company, to be called Skydance, would include major studios, news networks and a 15% stake in TikTok's US entity.

Original post · 1 min read
A dad just signed a $40.4 billion personal guarantee so his son could buy Hollywood.

In 14 months, the Ellison family bought Paramount for $8 billion, then won a bidding war against Netflix for Warner Bros. Discovery at roughly $111 billion. Warner Bros, Paramount, CBS, HBO, CNN, DC, Nickelodeon, and TNT Sports now sit under one roof. Next week the combined company takes the name Skydance.

Netflix should have won. Warner's board had already signed an $83 billion deal with them and rejected the Ellisons twice, because the money sat in a revocable family trust the board called "illusory."

So Larry Ellison, 82 years old, answered with an irrevocable personal guarantee of $40.4 billion. One signature.

For scale, Larry has sold about $4.7 billion of Oracle stock this entire century. The guarantee was almost 9x everything he's cashed out in 25 years, backed by his 1.16 billion Oracle shares.

The merged streamer launches with around 207 million subscribers and $70 billion in projected annual revenue. And through Oracle, the family also holds 15% of TikTok's US entity.

Harry Potter, Top Gun, Batman, SpongeBob, Game of Thrones, CNN, CBS News, and a piece of TikTok's algorithm, all of it now answers to one family.
Valuetainment @valuetainment
JUST IN: HBO Max and Paramount+ are merging into a single streaming service.
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Valon Raises $150M Series D at $2.3B Valuation for Mortgage Software

Valon Raises $150M Series D at $2.3B Valuation for Mortgage Software▶

a16z reports that Valon raised a $150 million Series D at a $2.3 billion valuation after signing over $200 million in software deals, and describes how it became a regulated servicer before selling its platform to the industry.

Original post · 1 min read
.@Valon just raised a $150M Series D at a $2.3B valuation. Within six months of selling software, they signed over $200M in deals.

(And they're hiring!)

How the seven-year-old company got there:

- Mortgage is $13 trillion of consumer debt running on a system built before the internet, and no servicer will trust a new platform. So Valon became one.

- Co-founder Andrew Wang read every federal and state regulation, 18 hours a day for six months, and turned it into code.

- They ran their own servicer on the software until it hit 3x the industry's efficiency, sold that servicer to a larger mortgage company, and now sell the software to everyone else. One of the biggest servicers in the US is moving 4 million loans onto it, nearly 10% of the market.

Valon is hiring deployment strategists in NY and SF. Read more about their open roles: a16zjobs.substack.com/p/valon-just-raised-150m…

@xlindadu @wangandrewd
a16z @a16z
a16z's Angela Strange sits down with @Valon's Andrew Wang and Linda Du to unpack what it takes to rebuild the infrastructure underneath a $13 trillion mortgage market that still relies heavily on systems designed before the internet.

Linda and Andrew explain why Valon chose the hardest path: becoming a regulated mortgage servicer, translating decades of federal and state regulation into software, and proving the platform on its own loans before selling it to the industry. That foundation made Valon roughly 3x as efficient as traditional servicing and created the system of record it is now usi…
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